drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines  Published this article page no  61 When continental ice flows out from land and to the sea surface we get shelf ice. The other part of the cryosphere is ice that is found in water. This includes frozen parts of the ocean such as waters surrounding Antarctica and the Arctic. It also includes frozen rivers and lakes which mainly occur in polar areas. Significance of Cryosphere The components of the cryosphere play an important role in the Earths climate.  Snow and ice reflect heat from the sun helping to regulate our planets temperature.  Because polar regions are some of the most sensitive to climate shifts the cryosphere may be one of the first places where scientists are able to identify global changes in climate. PACER encompasses the following six components. 1. Construction of polar research vessel 2. Construction of the third research base in Antarctica 3. Indian scientific endeavours in the Arctic 4. Polar expeditionsAntarctica 5. Replacement of Maitri station 6. Southern Ocean Objective of PACER scheme To improve our understanding of Polar Science and cryosphere system. Major achievements of the PACER scheme in the recent three years  1. Executed 39th & 40th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica. 2. 41st Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica is ongoing. 3. Clearair atmospheric observatories containing automatic weather stations a suite of sensors to measure aerosol and greenhouse gas concentrations has been established at Maitri and Bharati stations.  4. Twentythree research projects related to glaciology marine science polar biology and atmospheric science were successfully carried out during 201920 Arctic Expedition. 5. IndARC mooring system along with Hydrophone system was successfully retrieved and deployed in Kongsfjorden Svalbard. 6. Glaciological field campaigns were carried out in six benchmark glaciers in Chandra basin of LahaulSpiti region of Western Himalaya. Topics Awareness in space. 1. Artemis Program Context NASAs first crewed landing of the Artemis program on the moon is expected to take place in 2026. Meanwhile NASA will launch Artemis 1 in May 2022 drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.  

drishti ias current affairs magazines